Rotary compressor



July 2, 1935. w. w. PAGET 6 ROTARY COMPRESSOR Filed July 18, 1933 2Sheets-Sheet 1 24 7 14 25 35 Z5 zzz a Q 3 WATER i; v

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9 A imam-- July 2, 1935. w. w. PAGET ROTARY COMPRESSOR Filed Jfily 18,1935 2. Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 2, 1935 PATENT OFFICE 2,006,366ROTARY COMPRESSOR Win W. Paget, Chicago, Ill., assignor to SullivanMachinery Corporation, a corporation of Massachusetts 23 Claims.

This invention relates to fluid compressors or pumps and moreparticularly to improvements in fluid compressors or pumps of the rotarytype.

An object of this invention is to provide an improved fluid compressoror pump. Another object is to provide an improved fluid compressor orpump of the rotary type. A further object is to provide an improvedconstruction of.rotary fluid compressor or pump characterized by a rotorhaving peripheral working chambers and a rotating liquid ring or annulusserving as pistons for the rotor working chambers. Still another objectis to provide in a pump of the above character means whereby therotating liquid ring or annulus also functions as a sealing medium forsealing the space between each side of the rotor and the adjacentsidewall of an idling casing during compression of the air in theworking chambers, thereby to prevent leakage of air from the workingchambers during compression and thereby enabling the rotor to be spacedfrom the casing, so that there is no metal-to-metal contact between therelatively rotating. parts. Yet another object is to provide in a pumpof the above character an improved fluid inlet and discharge passagearrangement and improved liquid supply and discharge means. Stillanother object of the invention is to provide an improved apparatus ofthe hydraulically sealed type which is adaptable, by suitablerearrangement of parts, for use as a compressor or as a motor. Otherobjects and advantages of the invention will'be apparent from thefollowing detail description the preferred embodiment thereof.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating such embodiment:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the improved fluid compressor orpugmunit, a portion being shown in section to i ustrate structural Ition showing details of the rotor and stator'frame construction,

In this illustrative embodiment of the invention, the improved fluidcompressor or pump unit Application July 18, 1933, Serial No. 680,971

comprises a stationary base I having mounted thereon a prime mover 2having its power shaft 3 connected by a flexible coupling 4 to the driveshaft 5 of the improved fluid compressor or pump which is generallydesignated 6. The base I has 5 an upstanding bracket 1 and a shoulder 8to which the outer stationary casing 9 of the pump is secured. Thecasing9 is generally cylindrical and is herein composed of two parts boltedtogether at [0 and having formed; therein a chamber ll. 10 Thecompressor drive shaft 5 is journaled in a bearing l2 suitably supportedeccentrically within the pump casing 9 and has fixed thereto the centralhub l3 of a rotor M. The rotor hub is journaled in a bearing I5supported within a discharge stator frame I6 of generally cylindricalform. The discharge stator frame is secured, as by screws II, to thepump casing 9. The stator frame I6 is provided with an arcuate rim l8and .is arranged in an annular chamber I 9 formed in the pump rotor I4,and the rim of the stator frame substantially fits, throughout itslength,

the inner periphery of the rotor. Rotatably 1 mounted in the chamber IIand surrounding the pump rotor is an idling casing 20 composed of twoidentical parts secured together by bolts 2| and each part having ahollow hub 22 journaled in a bearing 23 suitably supported within theside I walls of the pump casing 9 and arranged eccentrically to butparallel with the rotor axis. e The idling casing has a chamber 24within which the rotor I4 is arranged. Secured by screws 25 to each sideof the pump casing is an annular plate 26 having a series of annularflanges 21 fitting within annular grooves 28 in the side walls isprovided with a similar series of flanges 29 fitting in similar grooves30 formed in a plate 3| secured to the stator frame I6 similarly toprovide a fluid tight seal to prevent leakage from the chamber II to therotor bearing I 5.

.The shape of the rotor is that of a flattened cylinder with radialflanges 32, 32 projecting in g the planes of the two ends, and theannular space thus formed is divided intoa series of radially openingcompartments or working chambers 33 by radial partition members 34. Inthe surface of the rotor which forms the inner side of this annularspace is formed a series of ports 35, each in the form of a slot, therebeing provided one slot-like port for each of the pockets or workingchambers formed in the annular space, by the 'vanes or blades, and theseports serve the dual function of inlet and discharge ports as will laterbe described. Fluid, herein air at atmospheric pressure, is supplied tothe chamber II through an air cleaner 36 of a usualdesign, the fluid to--be compressed flowing through the air cleaner and through a fluid inletpassage 31 to the pump casing chamber I I. The side walls of the idlingcasing 20 are perforated by series of fluid inlet ports 38 while thesupporting web of the rotor I4 is provided with a similar series offluid inlet ports 39 so that the fluid flows from the casing chamber I Ithrough the ports 38 into the chamber 24 of the idling casing and thencethrough the ports 39 to a fluid chamber 40 formed in the stator frameI6. The stator frame I 6 is herein termed a discharge stator as it hasformed therein the discharge passage means for the compressed fluid; andthe stator frame has also formed therein passage means for supplyingliquid to the rotor liquid seal as hereinafter described. The idlingcasing 20 contains a quantity of water or other suitable liquid which ispreferably supplied continuously to the chamber 24 through a feed pipe4| from any suitable source of supply, this feed pipe-being securedwithin the pump casing and having a downwardly directed arcuately bentportion 42 for directing the liquid in a downward direction within thechamber 24.

It will be understood at this point that any liquid introduced into theidling casing chamber 24 would, in the absence of rotative movement,find its level in a horizontal plane, which level is above the lowerportions of the rotor. However, when the rotor is rapidly rotated, theliquid is formed into a rotating ring, and this drags the idler casingwith it and finally brings the latter to such'a high speed, not quiteequal to that of the rotor, that centrifugal force quite outweighs theforce of gravity in its offset, and the liquid tends to become anannular body or mass with its level defined by an annular surfaceapproximately coinciding with the axis of rotation of the idling casing20. The rotor I4 is the positively driven member, and, as noted, theidling casing 20 becomes a driven member and rotates because of thefriction exerted on its internal surface by the liquid, which in turn isbeing circulated by the rotor. Thus when starting the pump, the rotor I4is started and the liquid gradually commences to flow in a circular pathunder the action of the rotor vanes or blades 34, and this is followedby the rotation of the idling casing 20 under the frictional resistanceoffered by its internal surface, until flnally the rotor, the mass ofliquid, and the idling casing, are rotating at nearly the same speed andthe liquid constitutes a fluid com pressing medium between the rotor andthe idling casing.

Again referring to the specific pump structure, it will be noted thatset in and secured to the rim of the stator frame I 6 as by bolts 43 andarranged inside the interior periphery of the rotor is an arcuatesealing strip 44 (see Fig. 4) and formed across'the webs or bladesbetween the rotor pockets is a series of transverse grooves 45 which actas seals between the pockets 33. In the sides of the sealing strip 44are series of inclined tapering grooves 49, whose outer sides are sealedby the outer radial portions of the stator walls. The discharge statorI6 is formed with a passage 41 which is connected by an arcuately bentpipe 48, arranged in the chamber 40 in the stator frame to communicatewith a chamber. 49 formed in the stator frame and bounded at its outerside by, and substantially coextensive with, the arcuate sealing strip44. Also formed in the stator frame I6, in advance of the passage 41,with reference to the order of pocket approach, is a discharge passage50 for the compressed fluid, and this passage is connected to dischargethrough an arcuately bent pipe connected as later described through acommunicating laterally bent discharge pipe portion 52. After thecompressed fluid is discharged from the working chambers or pockets 33of the rotor through thedischarge passage 50 the liquid, due to thesudden release of opposing pressure, tends to equalize its inner andouter levels, and thus some liquid moves in wardly toward the center ofthe idling casing and a certain amount of this liquid passes through thepassage 41 and pipe 48 to the chamber 49. The liquid in the chamber 49flows through the grooves 45 cut in the sides of the scaling strip andthese grooves, due to the different coeflicient of discharge over theedges, discharge a series of ribbon-like'jets or streams of liquid alongeach side of the ports 35 in the rotor. The pressure of the fluid as itis compressed. tends to blow the ribbons of liquid off to each side ofthe sealing strip but new liquid ribbons (that is an additional quantityof liquid) are added before the last ribbons are forced clear, therethus being a continuous flow of liquid from the chamber 49 through thegrooves 46 in the sealing strip thereby to form a continuous liquid sealat the sides of the grooves 45 to prevent leakage of fluid duringcompression. Liquid is also supplied to the transverse grooves 45 acrossthe webs between the rotor pockets, and the liquid in these grooves actsas a seal between the pockets, these grooves being filled with liquidfrom the grooves 46 in the sealing strip.

Any liquid leaking from the idling casing chamber 24 to the pump casingchamber II is discharged from the bottom of the pump casing chamberthrough a water discharge port 55. Cooling water from any externalsource is fed thru the pipe 4I into the idling casing, a small portionnormally passing out with the fluid discharge, and the remaining passingout through nozzles 56, 56, attached at diametrically opposite points inthe peripheral walls of the idling casing, the discharge of thesenozzles acting like a reaction turbine and aiding in maintainingrotation of the idler casing. To minimize passage of liquid from thechamber within the idling casing 20 through the ports 98 into the pumpcasing chamber II, there is provided a liquid retaining ring 51 securedto the side wall of the idling casing. Secured to the opposite side ofthe idling casing as by screws 58 is a ring 59 for deflecting any waterflowing from the idling casing out through the passages 38 in theopposite side wall thereof into a space 60 formed in the pump casing.Secured-to the pump casing is a liquid retaining ring GI to retain theliquid in the recess 60. Any liquid in the groove 60 flows through aslot cut in a rib 62,-into a groove 63 and out through a drain hole 64at the bottom of the groove 63. An annular plate 63a forms an inner wallfor the groove 63 and provides an annular edge just to the outside ofring 59. These leakage preventing means and liquid drain means areprovided for preventing the accumulation of 'a substantial quantity ofliquid within the pump casing chamber H, which liquid tends to impederotation of the idling casing.

As shown in Fig. 1, secured to one side of the pump casing is anaftercooler 65 and the compressed fluid flows from the discharge pipe 52through a coiled cooling pipe 66 arranged within the casing of theaftercooler and from the cooler casing through a vertical air dischargepipe 61. The aftercooler casing is supplied with cooling water through asupply pipe 68. The cooling water flows from the aftercooler past afloat valve 69 to a discharge pipe communicating with the waterdischarge pipe H with which the water discharge port 55 of the pumpcasing communicates.

With the relationship between the moving parts and the disposition ofthe annular liquid mass when the compressor is operating at its normalspeed, clearly in mind, the compressors action will now be discussedwith the aid of certain graphic representations in Fig. 3. In the. firstplace, it is seen that the axis of rotation of the.

rotor I4 is eccentric to the axis of the idling casing 20, as well asthe annular surface or level of the liquid indicated by the letter A. Itwill be assumed that the rotor is turning in a clockwise direction, asindicated by the arrow in Fig.

3. It will next be noted that a portion of the periphery of the rotor/including an arc somewhere around a quadrant, with the water levelindicated, at all times falls inside this circle indicating the liquidsurface A, whereas the re-.

maining arc of the rotor periphery extends more or less outside or belowthe liquid level. To the leftof line C the volume unoccupied with waterdecreases. while from line B on the volume unoccupied with waterincreases until the pockets are entirely free of water. Now the chamber40 in the stator frame l6 forms a fluid space into which air atatmospheric pressure enters through the .top inlet passage 31, chamberII, the series of ports 33 formed in the sides of the idling casing andthe po-rts 39 formed in the web of the rotor. Hence the air begins toenter the pockets 33 through the passages 35 at the locus of the radialline B in Fig. 3 and none is forced out or compressed until the radialline C is reached; the space between the lines 13 and C forming theintake cycle of the rotor, though it will be noted that no volume changeoccurs from a 6 oclock position to line C. Now tracing the progress ofone of these pockets filled with atmospheric air, it will be noted thatas it travels clockwise upwardly beyond point C, its outer opening isclosed by the liquid level A, but the air therein undergoes nocompression until the trailing vane 34 of theparticular pocket beingconsidered, has passed the lower end of the sealing strip 44. At thispoint the volume of air trapped in the pocket begins to be subjected topressure of the'liquid, which tends to maintain its annular level andtherefore to press into the pocket, and thereby to act as a piston asthe outer bounding walls of the pocket extend to a greater and greaterdepth below the liquid surface in the rotor's path of travel eccentricto the liquid ring. This compression increases as the pockets travelaround until the leading edge of their ports 35 reach the left hand edgeof port 50, which takes place at line D. As the passages 35 in thepocket pass over the discharge passage 50 the air is dischargedtherethrough from the pockets, the discharge taking place between theradial line D and the radial line E. After a pocket passes the line Eand as it approaches the intake line Be. certain quantity of liquid isdischarged from the annular liquid mass through the feed passage 41 forthe liquid sealing strip 44. This series of steps is performed by eachpocket once during each revolution and since there are a considerablenumber of pockets and the rotor is revolving on its axis at a high rateof speed, it follows that although the volume of air compressed in eachpocket is relatively small, the aggregate is quite large. The normalsurface of the annular rotating mass of liquid, as it would be ifunaffected by the submergence of rotor parts therein, is indicated at A.Submergence of the flanges and partitions would create a level at A2,and, actually, the liquid surface, due to the displacement of theflanges and partitions of the rotor, plus the face dis placement, is asindicated in dotted lines at Al in Fig. 3, in the space'between thewalls of the rotor and the idler casing.

It should be noted that no forces are brought to bear to change thevelocity of the liquid. The kinetic energy of the liquid plays no partin the compression or fluid, the pressure being due solely to thecentrifugal force of the annular liquid mass.

As a result of this invention, it will be noted that an improvedcompressor or pump of the rotary type is provided wherein an armularmass of liquid serves as pistons operating in the working chambers of arotor for effecting air compression, the liquid also functioning as asealing medium for preventing leakage between the rotating andstationary parts. It will further be noted that an improved compressoror pump of the rotary type is provided having a novel arrangement ofparts and an improved inletand discharge means for the fluid and animproved passage arrangement for the liquid inlet and discharge means.These and other uses and advantages of the improved pump will be clearlyapparent to those skilled in the art. 1

In conclusion, it is desired to call attention to the fact that in thepockets in which compression is taking place the opposite radial wallsof the partitions have unequal surfaces exposed to the air undercompression. They therefore produce, in the aggregate, a, cumulativeeffect more or less approximating that of the entire area of onepartition subjected to the mean pressure in the pockets. This fact couldbe availed of to provide a motor, which once brought to speed, and withan annular liquid ring-formed, could be used to provide power, if airwere supplied, as through the discharge port, and if the sealing waterfeed port and sealing strip were properly revised.

While there is in this application specifically described one form whichthis invention may assume in practice, itv will be understood that thisform of the same is shown for purposes of illustration and that theinvention may be modified and embodied in various other forms withoutdeparting from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containing apredetermined quantity of liquid, a driving rotor mounted eccentricallyin said idling casing and comprising a series of radially extendingcircumferentially disposed fiuid receiving pockets, said rotor in motionacting to impart rotative movement to said idling casing through themedium of said liquid and said liquid tending to assume an annular massunder, the action of centrifugal force with its surface relativelyconcentric with respect to the idling casing and eccentric with respectto the periphery of the rotor, means whereby fluid may be admitted tosaid rotor pockets at atmospheric pressure, and means for trapping fluidin said pockets as the latter are advanced below the surface of theliquid including a stator frame arranged within the rotor and havingdischarge passage means for receiving the compressed fluid from saidpockets and having liquid sealing passages and supply means for thesealing liquid therefor.

2. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing mounted torotate freely about its central axis, a driven rotor mounted in saididling casing to rotate about an axis offset from the axis thereof andcomprising a series of radially extending circumferentially disposedfluid receiving pockets, a mass of liquid in said idling casing adaptedto rotate with said idling casing and to assume a uniform depth radiallyof the casing under the action of centrifugal force with its surfaceeccentric with respect to the periphery of the rotor whereby said rotorpockets are progressively filled by said liquid as said rotor rotates,ports communicating with said pockets for discharging the compressedfluid, and a stator frame arranged within said rotor and havingdischarge passage means for receiving the air discharged from said portsand having lateral liquid sealing means for the latter.

3. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted to rotatefreely about its axis, a

driven rotor mounted within said idling casing with its axis offset frombut parallel to the axis thereof, a predetermined quantity of liquidwithin said idling casing, said idling casing, liquid'and rotor bengadapted to rotate simultaneously whereby the liquid under centrifugalforce becomes an annular mass with its surface substantially concentricwith said idling casing, said rotor having a plurality of radiallyopening pockets about its periphery, means for admitting fluid to thepockets from within the space surrounded by the liquid within the idlingcasing, means for trapping the fluid within the pockets whereby the sameis compressed as the pockets progressively dip into the liquid, andmeans for automatically releasing the compressed fluid from the bottomof the pockets when the stage of maximum compression is reachedincluding a stator frame arranged within the rotor and having fluiddischarge means for receiving the fluid released from said pockets andliquid receiving means beyond said fluid discharge means andcommunicating liquid sealing means arranged in advance of said fluiddischarge means.

4. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted to rotatefreely about its axis, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casingwith its axis off-set from the axis thereof, a quantity of liquid withinsaid idling casing and maintained in motion with said idling casing by aforce created by the impeller action of said rotor whereby the liquidassumes the form of an annular mass having its surface concentric withthe idling casing, said rotor having a plurality of radially openingpockets about its periphery adapted to travel in an eccentric pathrelative to the annular surface of the liquid whereby fluid entrappedwithin said pockets as the latter are carried below the surface of theliquid is compressed, and valveless means for trapping the fluid in thepockets and for discharging the same when compressed including a statorframe arranged within the rotor and having a single discharge passagetherein adjacent the point of maximum submersion for receiving the fluidfrom said pockets, said pockets having ports adapted to be occluded bysaid stator frame and to communicate with said discharge passage andsaid stator frame having an angular extent equal only to approximatelyone-half the rotor circumference.

5. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted to rotatefreely about its axis, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casingwith its axis offset from but parallel to the axis thereof, apredetermined quantity of liquid within said idling casing, said idlingcasing, liquid and rotor being adapted to rotate in the same directionand simultaneously whereby said liquid under centrifugal force tends tobecome an annular mass with its surface eccentric to the periphery ofthe driving rotor, said rotor comprising a plurality of radially openingcircumferentially disposed fluid pockets surrounding a central chamberand connected with the latter by a plurality of ports, means foradmitting fluid at atmospheric pressure to said central chamber for flowtherefrom through said ports into said pockets, and a frame disposedwithin said rotor and having provision for receiving fluid dischargedfrom said pockets through said ports after compression and for sealingsaid ports laterally with liquid during compression.

6. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted to rotatefreely about its axis, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casingwith its axis offset from but parallel to the axis thereof, apredetermined quantity of liquid Within said idling casing, said idlingcasing, liquid and rotor beng adapted to rotate in the same direc- *tionand simultaneously whereby said liquid under centrifugal force tends tobecome an annular mass with its surface eccentric to the periphery ofthe driving rotor, saidv rotor comprising a p1u. rality of radiallyopening circumferentially disposed fluid pockets surrounding a centralchamher and connected with the latter by a plurality of ports, means foradmitting fluid at atmospheric pressure to said central chamber for flowtherefrom through said ports into said pockets, a frame disposed withinsaid rotor and having provision for receiving fluid discharged from saidpockets through said ports after compression, and liquid from saidpockets thereafter, means for using such liquid to seal said portsduring compression, and means for continuously effecting a controlledchange of liquid within said idling casing.

7. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted to rotatefreely about its axis, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casingwith its axis offset from but parallel to the axis thereof, a quantityof liquid in said casing, said idling casing, liquid and rotor beingadapted to rotate in the same direction and with approximately likeperipheral speeds whereby said liquid under centrifugal force becomesa,-rotating mass having a relatively annular free surface eccentric tothe surface of the driven rotor," said rotor comprising a plurality ofradially opening fluid pockets surrounding a central chamber separatedtherefrom by an annular wall, a stator frame arranged within saidchamber, said stator having a fluid receiving chamber and dischargepassage means, and ports in said annular wall connecting said fluidreceiving chamber with each of said pockets and for connecting saidpockets with said fluid discharge means, said annular wall and statorframe affording provision for liquid-sealing each of said ports on allsides. i

8. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idlin casing mounted to rotatefreely about its axis, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casingwith its axis offset from but parallel to the axis thereof, a quantityof liquid in said casing, said idling casing, liquid and rotor beingadapted to rotate in the same direction and with approximately likeperipheral speeds whereby said liquid under centrifugal force becomes arotating mass having a relatively amiular free surface eccentric to thesurface of the driven rotor, said rotor comprising a plurality .ofradially opening fluid pockets surrounding a central chamber separatedtherefrom by an annular wall, a stator frame arranged within saidchamber, said stator having a fluid receiving chamber and dischargepassage means, ports in said annular wall connecting said fluidreceiving chamber with each of said pockets and for connecting saidpockets with said fluid discharge means, means for effecting a liquidseal between each of said ports, and means for continuously effecting acontrolled change of the liquid within said idling casing includingliquid supply means and means for automatically dischargin liquid fromsaid idling casing. P

9. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted for freeaxial rotation and having an air inlet opening, a quantity of liquidcontained within said idling casing and subjected to centrifugal forceand acting on rotation thereof to assume a surface approximatingconcentricity with the idling casing, a driven rotor mounted in saididling casing and rotative on an axis eccentric to the axis of saididling casing, said rotor having radially opening pockets about itsperiphery, and a central chamber communicating with said pockets throughopenings, each of said pockets during the rotation of said rotor movingfrom a position above the surface of the liquid to a predetermined depthbelow the surface whereby the quantity of fluid within each pocket tendsto displacement through said openings, a stator frame arranged withinsaid rotor and having means for occluding said openings and providinglateral liquid seals at opposite sides thereof thereby to effectcompression of the fluid within said pockets and having dischargepassage means for receiving the fluid from said pockets aftercompression thereof.

10. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted for freeaxial rotation and having an air inlet opening, a quantity of liquidcontained within said idling casing and subjected to centrifugal forceand acting on rotation thereof to assume a surface approximatingconcentricity with the idling casing, a driven rotor mounted in saididling casing and rotative on an axis eccentric to the axis of saididling casing, said rotor having radially opening pockets about itsperiphery, a central chamber communicatin with said pockets throughopenings, each of said pockets during the rotation of said rotor movingfrom a position above the surface of the liquid to a predetermined depthbelow the surface whereby the quantity of fluid within each pocket tendsto displacement through said openings, a stator frame arranged withinsaid rotor and having means for occluding said openings and liquidsealing means thereby to eifect compression of the fluid within saidpockets and having discharge passage means for receiving the fluid fromsaid pockets after compression thereof, and means for .further havingliquid supply means for conducting fluid to said liquid-sealing means.

11. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted for freeaxial rotation and having an air inlet opening, a quantity of liquidcontained within said idling casing and subjected to centrifugal forceand acting on rotation thereof to assume a'surface approximatingconcentricity with the idling casing, a driven rotor mounted in saididling casing and rotative on an axis eccentric to the axis of saididling casing, said rotor having radially opening pockets aboutits-periphery, a central chamber communicating with said pockets throughopenings. each of said pockets during the rotation of said rotor movingfrom a position above the surface of the liquid to a predetermined depthbelow the surface whereby the quantity of fluid within each pocket tendsto displacement through said openings, a stator frame arranged withinthe rotor and having a portion coaxial with said rotor and having meansfor occluding said openings thereby to effect compression of the fluidwithin said pockets and having discharge passage means for receiving thefluid from said pockets after compression thereof, means for conductingthe compressed fluid from said stator frame discharge means, and meansfor continuously effecting a controlled'change of liquid within saididling casing including a discharge and a supply substantiallyrelatively nearer the rotor axis than the discharge.

12. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted for freeaxial rotation and hav-- ing an air inlet opening, a quantity of liquidcontained within said idling casing and subjected to centrifugal forceand acting on rotation of said casing to assume a surface substantiallyconcentric with said idling casing, a driven rotor mounted within saididling casing and rotative on an axis eccentricto the axis thereof, saidrotor having radially opening pockets about its periphery, and a centralchamber communicating with said pockets through ports, said rotorfurther having fluid inlet means communicable with the air inlet openingin the idling casing, a stator frame mounted within the central chamherand having fluid discharge means curving in relatively the samedirection as the path of the pockets and also having rotor port sealingmeans, each of said pockets during the rotation of said rotor movingfrom a position above the surface of the liquid to a predetermined depthbelow the surface and simultaneously moving through an arc during whichthe rotor ports are closed by the. stator whereby the fluid within eachpocket is compressed, said ports when said rotor attains a predeterminedposition discharging the compressed fluid to said stator frame dischargemeans.

13. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted for freerotationon its axis and having an air inlet opening, a quantity ofliquid contained within said idling casing and subjected to centrifugalforce and acting on rotation of said casing, to assume a surfacesubstantially concentric with said idling casing, a driven rotor mountedwithin said idling casing and rotative on an axis eccentric to the axisthereof, said rotor having radially opening pockets about its periphery,a central chamber communicating with said pockets through ports, saidrotor further having fluid inlet means communicable with stator framemounted within the central chamber and having fluid discharge means androtor port sealing means, each of said pockets during the rotation ofsaid rotor moving from a position above the surface to a substantiallysubmerged position and simultaneously moving through an arc during whichthe rotor ports are closed by the stator whereby the fluid within eachpocket is compressed, said ports when said rotor attains a predeterminedposition discharging the compressed fluid to said stator frame dischargemeans, and means for continuously effecting a controlled change of theliquid within said idling casing including liquid supply means and meansfor automatically discharging excess liquid from said idling casingperipherally.

14. In a. rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containingliquid, a driven rotor in said idling casing having a plurality ofradially opening fluid pockets about its periphery, said pockets beingeccentric to the level of the liquid in the idling casing and beingadapted to pass progressively beneath the liquid level to compress fluidentrapped therein, and valveless means for supplying fluid atatmospheric pressure to said pockets, for trapping, in cooperation withsaid liquid, said fluid in said pockets, and for discharging thecompressed fluid from said pockets at the stage of maximum compression,said valveless means including a stator frame having a portion coaxialwith and arranged within the rotor and having fluid discharge meansmaking an acute angle with a tangent at its locus for receiving thecompressed fluid discharged from said pockets, said rotor moving whollyout of contact with said stator frame throughout its fluid induc tionrange of movement.

15. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containingliquid, a driven rotor in said idling casing having a plurality ofradially opening fluid pockets about its periphery, said pockets beingeccentric to the level of the liquid in the idling casing and beingadapted to pass progressively beneath the liquid level to compress fluidentrapped therein, valveless means for supplying fluid at atmosphericpressure to said pockets, for trapping, in cooperation with said liquid,said fluid in said pockets, and for discharging the compressed fluidfrom said pockets, at the stage of maximum compression, said valvelessmeans including a stator frame having a portion arranged coaxially withand within the rotor and having fluid discharge means for receiving thecompressed fluid discharged from said pockets, .and a liquid sealbetween said rotor and said stator frame for preventing leakage of fluidfrom said pockets during compression.

16. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containingliquid, a driven rotor in said idling casing having a plurality ofradially opening fluid pockets about its periphery, said pockets beingeccentric to the level of the liquid in the idling casing and beingadapted to pass progressively beneath the liquid level to compress fluidentrapped therein, valveless means forsupplying fluid at atmosphericpressure to said pockets, for trapping, in cooperation with said liquid,said fluid in said pockets, and for discharging the compressed fluidfrom said pockets at the stage of maximum compression, said valvelessmeans including a stator frame arranged centrally within the rotor andhaving fluid discharge means for receiving the compressed fluiddischarged from said pockets, a liquid seal between said rotor and theair inlet opening in the idling casing, a

said stator frame for preventing leakage of air from said pockets duringcompression, and means for supplying liquid to said liquid seal from therotating annular liquid mass within said idling casing.

17. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containinga liquid, a driving rotor mounted eccentrically in said idling casingand having a series of circumferentially arranged radially disposedfluid compressing pockets, said rotor in motion acting to impartrotative movement to said liquid and therethrough to said idling casingand submerging said pockets successively below the liquid level, saidpockets having ports through their inner ends and said rotor having achamber therein connected by said ports with said pockets, a statorframe within said chamber having a portion for sealing said ports duringcompression of the fluid, and means for providing a liquid seal betweensaid stator frame and rotor including laterally spaced series of nozzleson said stator frame between which said ports are moved, and means forsupplying fluid to said nozzles.

18. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containinga liquid, a driving rotor mounted eccentrically in said idling casingand having a series of circumferentially arranged radially disposedfluid compressing pockets, said rotor in motion acting to impartrotative movement to said liquid and therethrough to said idling casingand submerging said pockets successively below the liquid level, saidpockets having ports through their'inner ends and said rotor having achamber therein connected by said ports with said pockets, a statorframe within said chamber having a portion for sealing said ports duringcompression of the fluid and having a discharge passage therein, andmeans for providing a liquid seal between said stator frame and rotorincluding laterally spaced series of nozzles on said stator framebetween which said ports are moved, and means for supplying fluid tosaid nozzles including a fluid supply passage having, a portion openingthrough the Wall of said stator beyond the point of discharge of thecompressed fluid.

19. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containinga liquid, a driving rotor mounted eccentrically in said idling casingand having a series of circumferentially arranged radially disposedfluid compressing pockets, said rotor in motion acting to impartrotative movement to said liquid and therethrough to said idling casingand submerging said pockets successively below the liquid level, saidpockets having ports through their inner ends and said rotors having achamber therein connected by said ports with said pockets, a statorframe within said chamber having a portion for sealing said ports duringcompression of the fluid and having a discharge passage therein, andmeans for providing a liquid seal between said stator frame and rotorincluding laterally spaced series of nozzles on said stator framebetween which said ports are moved, and means for supplying fluid tosaid nozzles including a fluid supply passage having a portion openingthrough the wall of said stator beyond the point of discharge of thecompressed fluid, said rotor having in the inner wall thereof betweensaid and compressing pockets, means cooperating with said pockets foreffecting a controlled admission of air thereto at atmospheric pressureand discharge therefrom under compression,

means for supplying liquid to said idling casing,

casing mounted for free rotation on its axis, and I idling casing, astator frame mounted within the central chamber and having fluiddischarge means and rotor port sealing means, each of said pocketsduring the rotation of said rotor moving from a position above thesurface to' a substantially submerged position and simultane-' ouslymoving through an arc during which therotorparts are closed by thestator whereby the fluid within each. pocket is compressed, said portswhen said rotor attains a predetermined position discharging thecompressed fluid to said stator frame discharge means, and means forcontinuously effecting a controlled change of the liquid within saididling casing including liquid supply means and means for automaticallydischarging excess liquid from said idling casing both peripherally and,at points spaced between its periphery and center, in a directionlongitudinally of its axis;

22. In a rotary compressor or pump, a rotative idling casing containingliquid, a driving rotor mounted eccentrically in said idling casing andcomprising circumferential fluid receiving and compressing pockets,.means cooperating with said pockets for effecting a controlledadmission of air thereto at atmospheric pressure and discharge therefromunder compression, means for supplying liquid to said idling casing,

and means for discharging said liquid in a direction substantiallytangentially with respect to the periphery of the idling casing and in adirection opposite to that of the rotation of said casing.

23. In a rotary compressor or pump, an idling casing mounted to rotatefreely about its axis, a driven rotor mounted within said idling casingwtih its axis ofiFset from but parallel to the axis thereof, apredetermined quantity of liquid within said idling casing, said idlingcasing, liquid and rotor arranged to rotate simultaneously, whereby theliquid under centrifugal force becomes an annular mass with its surfacesubstantially concentric with the idling casing, said rotor having aplurality of radially opening pockets about its periphery, means foradmit-- ting fluid to the pockets from within the space surrounded bythe liquid within the idling casing, means for trapping the .fluidwithin the pockets during compression and for releasing the fluid whensaid pockets containing it are at WIN w. PAGE'I'.

